What is the function of an isolation transformer in electrical measurement?

The function of an isolation transformer is primarily to isolate the measuring device from the power source for safety. This isolation is vital in electrical measurement applications because it helps protect sensitive measuring instruments from high voltages and potential differences that could cause damage or lead to hazardous situations. By providing electrical separation, it reduces the risk of shock for the operator and protects the measuring device from overvoltage transients and electrical noise.

Isolation transformers accomplish this by using a magnetic coupling between the primary and secondary windings, without any direct electrical connection. As a result, they can effectively separate the measuring circuit from the hazardous voltages present in the power system, ensuring that any measurements taken are safe and reliable.

In contrast, options that involve increasing voltage, converting AC to DC, or stepping down voltage do not align with the primary purpose of an isolation transformer. While some transformers do serve functions like stepping voltage up or down, an isolation transformer specifically focuses on safety by providing that critical separation from the power source.